This article explores the complex relationship of sugarcane production and the need to extract the raw material. Offering valuable insights for producers and researchers interested in understanding the challenges of bisada sugarcane production, the aim is to explain the issue of health and the consequences for the industry.

Brazil is the world's largest producer of sugar cane and has a history of growing production over recent years, driven mainly by domestic demand for ethanol and sugar, as well as increased exports. Among the various strategies necessary for sugarcane production, one that has been gaining attention in production is the sugarcane bisaring process.

This attention comes from the fact that, in 2023, due to advances in management and high rainfall, the productivity of plants and suppliers was, for the most part, higher than in history, which generated a process of planning the process of cutting sugar cane. A point of attention is that the last great moment, in volume of tons by the plants of double-cut sugarcane fields was in 2009, in which volumes of more than 2,000 millimeters of precipitation were observed in the harvest, for example in Frutal in Minas Gerais (historically there has been a volume of approximately 1,150 millimeters).

Therefore, this article is organized to actually describe what a double cane would be and when this strategy is most commonly used. Subsequently, the how and agronomic consequences of carrying out this process and how to treat it are explained. Finally, the consequences of this decision in terms of industrial production and technological quality.

Critical factor: bisada “dry pan” versus strategic bisada: Bisada sugarcane has gained prominence due to the events that culminated in a large volume of this category of sugarcane in the 2023/2024 harvest. Due to a harvest considered a record by several processors, some did not have the technical or operational capacity to grind all the raw material during the harvest year, being forced to opt for the bisar strategy. There are plants that make good use of this technique to gain productivity in less productive sugarcane fields, however, this is not a widely used practice in general terms due to the complexity of making it profitable.

In a simplified way, a split sugarcane field is one that, due to the plant's strategies or needs, goes through a harvest without the harvest being carried out, and is then processed by the industry in a longer period of time in the field, but outside the plant's conventional schedule. This event entails a series of impacts, such as a longer period of sugarcane maturation, which means a higher fiber content, the creation of an environment conducive to the proliferation of fungi, changes in the chemical-technological composition of the sugarcane juice, sugarcane, such as high concentrations of phenolic compounds and starch, among others. However, positive points are also observed, one of which is an increase in productivity in well-designed and executed plans.

Sugarcane plantations cut consciously and with parameters for execution are called strategic cuttings. These are the crops in which items are evaluated and calculated so that the sugarcane fields become the most profitable possible. Technically, a sugarcane field can be more productive at levels of 30% in tons of sugarcane per hectare compared to a harvest in the current harvest year versus the following harvest year, when all points are well evaluated. Therefore, considering these factors is really important to make a decision that results in the success of the group.

Conversely, when strategies are not very clear and the decision is made compulsively, we call it bisada pane seca . These are crops in which the decision was taken late, without full assessment of the factors conditioning the productive success and which culminate in several problems for the following harvest. A sugarcane field harvested without taking due precautions can result in a loss in tons of sugar per hectare of around 60%, causing economic, agricultural and industrial losses, meaning that more products are needed for the industrial process.

All consequences must be evaluated when the bisar condition becomes necessary. Therefore, to assess a crop, a well-designed classification must be carried out considering several aspects. Regarding the agronomic organization of sugar-energy production, the crucial points for classifying the sugarcane field to be harvested are:
• Productivity: To double-check a sugarcane field, the best option would be the one with the lowest productivity in the current harvest and the smallest size. These points guarantee non-tipping, among others.
• Application of technologies: Another factor is to manage the sugarcane field to be cut with products that deal with the major difficulties of cut cane, diseases and pests.
• Maturation and Quality of the sugarcane field: In fact, evaluating how the sugarcane field is doing in terms of technological aspects can guarantee greater quality at the time of subsequent harvest.

Once the decision is made to double, we then have possible consequences for the sugarcane field. The longer cultivation period can have negative impacts on the quality of the raw material, due to greater exposure to pests, diseases and adverse weather conditions, and the creation of microclimates conducive to the development of pathogens. These points can cause the depreciation of the raw material, favoring the material's rot and increasing the industrial cost for producing the final products.

Another point is the fact that the lengthening of the field period leads to the presence of older and fibrous tissues. The presence of fiber in sugarcane can significantly impact sugar production. Extra fiber can make it difficult to extract sugarcane juice during the milling process, affecting the efficiency and yield of sugar production.

In the context of ethanol production, the fiber in bisada sugarcane also plays a crucial role. The greater amount of fiber can influence the efficiency of fermentation, affecting the rate of conversion of sugars to ethanol. In addition to industrial consequences, the bisar strategy motivates agricultural attention to several points.

Therefore, for MS Fernandes consultants, it is necessary to understand the need mainly for double-dipped sugarcane harvests. To achieve this, a precise classification of bisado crops must be made, in which the primary items to evaluate are, in order of importance:
1. Flowering,
2. Listing favoring pests and diseases,
3. Varieties,
4. Pests and diseases,
5. Weeds (C4), and
6. Fire hazard or restriction.

In other words, at a level of importance, the harvest must follow these factors to reduce the losses of this process. Closing this passage, we have that sugarcane plantations deserve special attention before the fact and after the decision. Correct management can guarantee positive quality for the harvest the following year and ensure a productive run with clean and clear paths for the group and producers.